John S. C. Abbott was an American historian, pastor, and writer best known for his biographies and works on history. Born in Brunswick, Maine, he was educated at Bowdoin College and later attended Andover Theological Seminary. He became a Congregational minister and served in various churches before transitioning to a career in writing. Abbott had a keen interest in moral and religious themes, which influenced much of his work. His writing often sought to educate and inspire readers, particularly with stories of heroic figures and significant historical events.

Abbott gained widespread recognition for his biographies of prominent leaders, including The History of Napoleon Bonaparte, which became one of his most well-known works. He also wrote extensively on American history, covering figures such as George Washington, Daniel Boone, and others who played key roles in shaping the nation. Along with his brother Jacob Abbott, who was also a noted writer, he contributed significantly to 19th-century historical literature, making complex historical narratives accessible to general audiences.

Throughout his career, Abbott emphasized the importance of character, perseverance, and leadership, often portraying his subjects as moral exemplars. His writing, though sometimes criticized for its romanticized and uncritical portrayals, was immensely popular in his time. He continued writing until his death in 1877 in Fair Haven, Connecticut, leaving behind a legacy of historical works that influenced generations of readers.